Sample Preparation Techniques

Molecular Properties

This module introduces the concept of functional group chemistry as a means of targeting separation mechanisms in liquid and solid phase extraction (SPE).

Primary Sample Preparation Techniques

This module takes an initial look at the science behind the most commonly used sample preparation techniques.

Liquid/Liquid Extraction Techniques

 In this module, the basic principles of liquid/liquid extraction (LLE) are described, as well as an overview of limitations and drawbacks of LLE protocols. Specific advice is given for various problems that are routinely encountered. Emulsions and how to deal with them is discussed, and support-assisted liquid/liquid extraction (SALLE) is presented as a useful variation on standard liquid/liquid extraction.

QuEChERS

This module will describe the underlying scientific principles behind QuEChERS allowing you to fully understand and successfully apply the process. The standard methodologies and the protocol steps are described in detail along with information on how to select a quenchers method for your application.

SPE Overview

This module introduces the terminology associated with solid phase extraction (SPE). It explains the chemistry and physical properties associated with SPE sorbents and substrates, the different steps in a solid phase extraction protocol, sorbent selection, eluent solvent strength optimization, and the use of pH and ionic additives to control selectivity in SPE.

SPE Mechanisms

The purpose of this module is to highlight the various steps in the protocol for various modes (sorbents) for conventional solid phase extraction procedures including: non-polar SPE, polar SPE, cation exchange SPE, anion exchange SPE, and mixed-mode SPE. For each mode the various portocol steps are examined in terms of the solvents and solutions used, sorbents used, solvent additives, pH, and ionic strength manipulation.

SPE Method Development

This module fully investigates the various aspects of practical SPE, as well as describing the basic principles and stages of method development in SPE.

Approaches to Automation for SPE

The aim of this module is to introduce the principles of automation for solid phase extraction, and present fundamental concepts regarding molecular imprinted polymer sorbents.

Microextraction Techniques

This module covers the theory of key microextraction techniques, including, single drop microextraction (SDME) and solid phase microextraction (SPME).